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Tinnitus and Underlying Theoretical Mechanism: The Key and Lock?
Serpil Mungan Durankaya1, Asli Cakir Cetin2, Basak Mutlu3, Selhan Gurkan1, Gunay Kirkim1, Mustafa Bulent Serbetcioglu4
1 Department of Audiometry, Vocational School of Health Services, Dokuz Eylül University; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing, Speech and Balance Unit, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing, Speech and Balance Unit, Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir; Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
4 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir; Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
Correspondence Address:
Serpil Mungan Durankaya
Department of Audiometry, Vocational School of Health Services, Dokuz Eylül University, 35320 Balçova-Izmir
Turkey
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/nsn.nsn_55_22
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Background and Aim: To evaluate the association between psychoacoustical characteristics of tinnitus and audiogram configurations and reveal which theoretical mechanism dominates tinnitus. Materials and Methods: The medical charts of 110 adult participants' 164 ears with tinnitus were retrospectively reviewed. Audiological results, edge frequency, and psychoacoustical characteristics of tinnitus were assessed. Participants were divided into two groups as follows: normal hearing (NH) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Results: No significant relationship was observed between age, gender, tinnitus pitch, and loudness between the two groups. In the SNHL group, there was a weak positive correlation between tinnitus pitch and frequency of maximum hearing loss (FMHL), and a strong positive correlation between the mean tinnitus loudness at the tinnitus pitch and FMHL. Besides, the edge frequency was positively and weakly correlated with the tinnitus pitch and FMHL. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the tinnitus pitch. However, tinnitus loudness was statistically higher in the NH group. No relationship was observed between the audiogram shapes and tinnitus timbre, pitch, and FMHL. In addition, the most likened tinnitus timbre was found to be tonal/whistle in both groups. A moderate positive correlation was observed between the tinnitus pitch and edge frequency in the gradual slope audiograms. Conclusions: The findings obtained in this study supported homeostatic plasticity theories for the SNHL group, and hidden hearing loss for the NH group.
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